E1001 · Emulsifiers
Choline salts
Not authorised in EU, but permitted in AU-NZ and US. No evidence of harm at dietary intake.
- Category
- Emulsifiers
- Vegan
- Yes
- Vegetarian
- Yes
What it is
Choline salts and esters are emulsifier forms of choline, an essential nutrient the body needs regardless.
How it is used in food
Would act as an emulsifier while also contributing a nutrient.
Commonly found in- Dietary supplements
- Fortified milk drinks
- Infant formulas
- Emulsified food products
Health and safety
No known risks at typical dietary levels.
The nutrient is well characterised and safe; the E1001 additive format is not authorised in the EU.
Regulatory status
| Region | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Australia & New Zealand FSANZ |
Permitted | Permitted under the FSANZ Food Standards Code. |
| European Union EFSA / European Commission |
Not approved | Not on the EU authorised list of food additives (Annex II). |
| United States FDA (Food and Drug Administration) |
Permitted | Authorised for food use by the FDA (often GRAS for standard additives). |
Identification on labels
- E-number
- E1001
Worth knowing
Choline is the raw material for acetylcholine, the signalling molecule your nerves use to fire muscles.
Conclusion
An unauthorized emulsifier format for a safe nutrient.
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Open the appEntry last reviewed 2026-07-28.
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