Calcium propionate
Bread preservative; debated gut effects at high doses.
- Category
- Preservatives
- Vegan
- Yes
- Vegetarian
- Yes
What it is
A propionate salt used specifically as a highly effective anti-mold agent in baked goods.
How it is used in food
The most widely used anti-mold agent in bread, preventing spoilage and reducing food waste.
Commonly found in- Sliced bread
- Tortillas
- Pastries
- Pita bread
Health and safety
No known risks; breaks down safely into calcium and propionic acid.
Regulatory bodies worldwide consider E282 safe. Propionates occur naturally in some foods (like Swiss cheese) and are even produced by human gut bacteria.
Possible behavioral effects
Some limited studies and anecdotal reports suggest E282 may cause irritability and restlessness in children, though this is not officially recognized by EFSA or the FDA.
Repeatedly confirmed safe by global food authorities with no upper limits required for safety.
Regulatory status
| Region | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Australia & New Zealand FSANZ |
Permitted | Permitted. |
| European Union EFSA / European Commission |
Permitted | Authorised for food use under EU regulations (Annex II). |
| United States FDA (Food and Drug Administration) |
Permitted | GRAS. |
Identification on labels
- E-number
- E282
Also printed asCalcium propanoate
Alternatives to this additive
- E200: Sorbic acid — Often used instead, though it can interfere with yeast rising.
How it is made
Produced by neutralizing propionic acid (which occurs naturally in Swiss cheese) with a mineral base.
- Neutralization — Propionic acid is reacted with calcium hydroxide to form the salt.
Worth knowing
Calcium propionate is preferred in bread-making because, unlike sodium propionate, the calcium actually strengthens the dough.
Conclusion
Despite official safety approvals, there is a live, controversial debate. Some small-scale studies and persistent consumer reports suggest that regular consumption of E282 may cause irritability, restlessness, and behavioral changes, particularly in children. More research is needed, but many parents avoid it out of caution.
References
- EFSA evaluation of E280 — EFSA
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Open the appEntry last reviewed 2026-07-28.
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