E416 · Emulsifiers, Stabilisers, Thickeners

Karaya gum

Limited risk

Tree gum; mild laxative at high doses.

Category: Emulsifiers, Stabilisers, Thickeners
Vegan: Yes
Vegetarian: Yes

What it is

A natural plant gum or protein used to thicken liquids, stabilize foams, or create gels.

How it is used in food

Provides a rich, thick mouthfeel to liquids and stabilizes emulsions without changing the flavor of the food.

Commonly found in

Jellies
Sauces
Dairy alternatives
Ice cream

Health and safety

Safe. Most plant gums act as soluble dietary fiber and are fermented by beneficial gut bacteria.

Evaluated by EFSA and confirmed safe for use in food at authorized levels.

Regulatory status

Region	Status	Notes
Australia & New Zealand FSANZ	Permitted	Permitted under the FSANZ Food Standards Code.
European Union EFSA / European Commission	Permitted	Authorised for food use under EU regulations (Annex II).
United States FDA (Food and Drug Administration)	Permitted	Authorised for food use by the FDA (often GRAS for standard additives).

Identification on labels

E-number: E416

Worth knowing

Agar (E406) is a vegan alternative to gelatine, extracted from red seaweed, and has been used in Asian desserts for centuries. It sets at room temperature and won't melt on a hot day.

Conclusion

Karaya gum is only worth minding if you consume it in very high amounts, as it can act as a mild laxative. This natural tree gum functions as soluble dietary fibre and is fermented by gut bacteria in typical food uses. For everyday eating in jellies or sauces, karaya gum remains a limited concern.

References

EFSA evaluation of E416 — EFSA

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Entry last reviewed 2026-07-28.

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