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E1200 · Humectants, Stabilisers, Thickeners

Polydextrose

No known risk

Synthetic soluble fiber.

Category
Humectants, Stabilisers, Thickeners
Vegan
Yes
Vegetarian
Yes

What it is

Polydextrose is a highly versatile, synthetic soluble dietary fiber used extensively as a low-calorie bulking agent and sugar replacement.

How it is used in food

Provides the bulk, mouthfeel, and texture of sugar at only 1 kcal per gram (compared to sugar's 4 kcal/g). It acts as a prebiotic, promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria (like Bifidobacteria) as it ferments in the lower intestine, and does not cause a spike in blood sugar.

Commonly found in
  • Sugar-free candies
  • Low-calorie baked goods
  • Ice cream
  • Dietary fiber supplements
  • Protein bars

Health and safety

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS). Because it is poorly digested in the upper gastrointestinal tract, consuming very large amounts (typically over 15-50 grams) at once can cause a laxative effect, bloating, or flatulence, similar to other sugar alcohols and soluble fibers.

Extensively studied and approved globally by the FDA, EFSA, and JECFA. Studies consistently show its efficacy as a prebiotic fiber and its safety at standard dietary consumption levels.

Regulatory status

RegionStatusNotes
Australia & New Zealand
FSANZ		 Permitted Permitted under the FSANZ Food Standards Code.
European Union
EFSA / European Commission		 Permitted Authorised for food use under EU regulations (Annex II).
United States
FDA (Food and Drug Administration)		 Permitted Authorised for food use by the FDA (often GRAS for standard additives).

Identification on labels

E-number
E1200

Worth knowing

Because its complex, highly branched structure prevents it from being digested, polydextrose is essentially "indestructible" sugar that passes through your stomach to feed your gut microbiome instead.

Conclusion

There is no reason to avoid polydextrose in your food. This synthetic soluble fibre provides the bulk of sugar in low-calorie baked goods, ice cream, and protein bars while acting as a prebiotic. Although eating very large quantities above 15 to 50 grams at once can cause bloating or flatulence, it is not a concern at standard levels.

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Entry last reviewed 2026-07-28.

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